護膚品成分表點睇｜避開致敏成分貼士

買護膚品前,你有冇睇過成分表?

好多人買護膚品嘅時候,主要留意產品嘅賣點同宣傳字眼,反而好少會真正睇一睇成分表。其實成分表先係了解一件產品嘅最直接方法,識得點睇,就可以幫自己避開一啲容易致敏或者唔啱自己皮膚嘅成分。根據多項貼布測試（patch test）研究嘅匯總數據（合共30,207名受試者），約9.8%嘅陽性反應係由化妝品成分致敏原引起，當中香料同防腐劑係最常見嘅兩大類致敏成分，呢個亦係點解睇成分表、留意香料同防腐劑名稱咁重要。

When buying skincare, most people focus on the marketing claims and selling points, rarely taking the time to actually read the ingredient list. But the ingredient list is really the most direct way to understand a product — knowing how to read it can help you steer clear of ingredients that may cause sensitivity or simply don't suit your skin.

成分表嘅排列規則:分量由多到少

大部分地區嘅法規都要求護膚品成分表按照分量由多到少排列,即係話排喺越前面嘅成分,喺產品入面嘅含量通常越高。一般嚟講,水(Aqua/Water)通常會排喺最前,之後先到主要嘅活性成分同保濕成分。如果一款產品標榜某種成分為主打,但呢個成分喺成分表入面排得好後,可能代表實際含量並唔算高。

In most regions, regulations require skincare ingredient lists to be arranged from highest to lowest concentration — ingredients listed earlier are generally present in higher amounts. Typically, water (Aqua/Water) appears first, followed by key active and moisturising ingredients. If a product markets a certain ingredient as its star feature but that ingredient appears far down the list, it may indicate the actual concentration is lower than the marketing suggests.

幾類需要多加留意嘅成分

對容易敏感嘅皮膚嚟講,某啲成分出現嘅頻率較高,值得多加留意,例如某些香精(Fragrance/Parfum)、酒精(Alcohol Denat.)同部分防腐劑成分,對敏感肌膚嚟講可能會增加刺激嘅機會。如果你嘅皮膚本身容易出現泛紅或者不適,可以優先揀選標明「無香精」或者成分表相對精簡嘅產品,例如BARR 積雪草舒緩修護霜主打積雪草成分,配方相對溫和,適合作為敏感時期嘅修護步驟。潔面方面,亦都可以留意配方溫和度,例如BARR 積雪草舒緩凝膠潔面乳就係主打溫和清潔嘅選擇。

For sensitive skin, some ingredients appear frequently enough to be worth watching for — certain fragrances (Fragrance/Parfum), denatured alcohol, and some preservatives may increase the chance of irritation for reactive skin types. If your skin tends to flush or feel uncomfortable, look for products labelled "fragrance-free" or with a relatively short ingredient list, such as BARR Centella Calming Barrier Cream, built around centella asiatica with a relatively gentle formula, making it suitable as a repair step during sensitive periods. For cleansing, also consider formula gentleness — BARR Centella Calming Gel Cleanser is designed as a gentle cleansing option.

睇成分表嘅3個實用貼士

• 如果對某種成分曾經有唔良反應,記得每次買新產品都翻查成分表,確認冇再出現。
• 成分表越長,唔一定代表產品越唔好,但如果本身皮膚敏感,精簡配方相對風險較低。
• 初次使用新產品,建議先喺手臂內側或者耳背小範圍試用,觀察24小時皮膚反應先大範圍使用。

Three practical tips for reading ingredient labels: if you've reacted to a specific ingredient before, always check new products' ingredient lists to confirm it isn't present; a longer ingredient list doesn't necessarily mean a worse product, but if your skin is sensitive, a shorter formula generally carries lower risk; and when trying a new product, patch test on your inner arm or behind your ear first, observing your skin's reaction for 24 hours before applying it more broadly.

常見迷思:睇成分表你可能都撞過呢啲坑

• 迷思一:成分表淨係前幾位重要,後面嘅可以唔使理 — 香精、防腐劑呢類常見致敏成分好多時都排喺清單較後位置,但仍然有機會引發個別人士敏感反應,唔可以完全略過尾段成分。
• 迷思二:價錢貴嘅產品成分表一定更安全或更溫和 — 價格同致敏風險並冇必然關係,平價同貴價產品都有機會含有相同嘅香精或防腐劑成分,揀產品時仍然要親自睇清楚成分表。
• 迷思三:見到熟悉嘅成分名就代表安全 — 同一種成分喺唔同濃度、唔同配方組合下,對唔同人皮膚嘅反應都可能唔一樣,唔可以單憑「見過呢個名」就假設一定啱自己用。

Common mistakes when reading ingredient lists: Myth 1 — only the first few ingredients matter, so the rest can be ignored; common allergens like fragrance and preservatives are often listed further down, but can still trigger sensitivity in some people, so the later part of the list shouldn't be skipped entirely. Myth 2 — a pricier product's ingredient list is automatically safer or gentler; price has no direct link to sensitivity risk, and both budget and premium products can contain the same fragrance or preservative ingredients, so it's still worth checking the list yourself. Myth 3 — recognising an ingredient name means it's safe; the same ingredient can behave differently depending on concentration and formula combination, so recognising a name alone doesn't guarantee it will suit your skin.

常見問題 FAQ

• Q: 標榜「天然」嘅成分係咪一定唔會致敏?
  A: 唔一定,天然成分同樣有機會引起個別人士嘅致敏反應,「天然」同「唔會致敏」係兩個唔同嘅概念,揀產品時仍然建議留意成分表同個人過往反應。
  Q: Are "natural" ingredients guaranteed not to cause sensitivity? A: Not necessarily — natural ingredients can still trigger reactions in certain individuals. "Natural" and "won't cause sensitivity" are two different things, so it's still worth checking the ingredient list and your own past reactions.
• Q: 成分表入面啲英文名好難睇得明,有冇簡單方法?
  A: 可以先由留意排喺前幾位嘅成分開始,再針對自己曾經敏感嘅成分名稱重點搜尋,唔需要一開始就逐隻成分都研究晒。
  Q: The ingredient names are hard to understand — is there a simple approach? A: Start by looking at the first few ingredients listed, then specifically search for any ingredient names you've reacted to before, rather than trying to research every single ingredient from the start.

識睇成分表,先係揀對護膚品嘅第一步

與其單憑包裝同宣傳字眼揀護膚品,不如花多幾分鐘睇睇成分表,了解返一款產品真正嘅組成。由溫和潔面到舒緩修護霜,揀選配方相對簡單溫和嘅產品,都係減低致敏風險嘅實際做法。

Rather than choosing skincare based on packaging and marketing alone, take a few extra minutes to check the ingredient list and understand what a product is actually made of. From gentle cleanser to soothing barrier cream, opting for simpler, gentler formulas is a practical way to help reduce the risk of sensitivity.

資料來源

• Pooled patch-test data (7 studies, n=30,207) — cosmetic allergen contact dermatitis prevalence; fragrances and preservatives as leading allergen categories